Flying-machine.



w. G. HAMILTON.

FLYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 8, 1910.

Patented Jan. 2, 1912.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

A INVENTOR.

WITNESSES ATTORNEY.

W. G. HAMILTON.

FLYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILEDAUG. s, 1910.

1,0 1 3,840. Patentd Jan. 2, 1912'.

2 SHEETSS HEET 2.

Fig.

WITNESSES: I INVENTOR VWLL/fi/V C}. f/9/7/L70/K Q/ flaw/4W I A TTORNE Y mums Pusan ummmsmncwu 01:,

To all whom it may i UNITED sratrns rA'rENr OFFICE.

WILLIAM G. HAMILTON, OF SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-FOURTH TO .A. B. BOWMAN, OF SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA.

- Be it known. that I, W ILLIAM G. -I-IAMIL- TON, a citizen of the United States, residing at- San Diego, in the county of San Diego, State of California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Flying Machines, of which the following is a specification.

,My invention relates to that class of flyin'g machines in which the weight is sustained by the reaction resulting when one t-icularly pointed out 30 or more aeroplanes are moved through the air edgewise ata small angle of incidence either by mechanical power or by the utilization of the force of gravitation.

The objects of my invention are: first to provide means for maintaining the equilibrium or lateral balance of the apparatus said means being in the peculiar construc tion of said apparatus, second, to provide means for guiding the machine both vertically and horizontally.

With these and other objects in View which will appear in the detailed description hereinafter my invention consists of certain novel features of construction, combination and arrangement of parts set forth in the following specification and more parin the appended claims, and which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the machine complcte. Fig. 2 is a sectional. elevational view of the main planes, Fig. 3 is a side elevational view of the machine complete and Fig. 4 is a plan view showing the principal construction of the machine including the guide planes and with a part of each side broken away.

Similarcharacters of reference refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

In flyingfmachines of the character to which this invention relates the apparatus is supported in the air by reason of the contact between the air and the under surface of-one or more planesfiusually these plane surfaces are solid. The relative movement of the ail. and aeroplane may be derived from the amount of,air in the form of wind blowing in'the dir -trtion opposite to that of which it traveling or by comlisincd downwai 'd andflforuzard movement. of the machine as in starting from an elevated positi'on or by combination of these two things and in either case the operation that ofa Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed August 8,

marine-MACHINE.

Patented Jan. 2,1912. 910. SeriatNo. 576,220.

soaring machine while power applied to the I111Cl11l)6 to propel it positively forward will cause the-air to support the machine in a similar manner. In either case owing to the numerous disturbing forces which tend to shift ,the machine out of'the position which it should occupy to obtain the desired results, and to provide for remedying this for changing the angles of a portion of theseplanes, or'separate means for maintaining the lateral equilibrium of the machine.

The chief'object of my invention is to struction that in case the machine tilts sidewise the sustaining force is decreased on the upper side and increased on the lower side. thus it will naturally maintain its any other machine where planes are used for supportlng purposes.

l\'umerals 1 and 2 represent theiupper and lower planes. These planes are solid on with a plurality of bows 3 for supporting the principal portion of the plane in a bowed position. To each of these bows is attached another and shorter how 4 which plane and from the center of the machine outward the plane covering of each section is attached at its inner edge to the lower how ,4 and at its outer edge to the upper center. This leaves an open space between the two bows 3 and 4 iii-adjoining sections and that portion of the plane is on an angle to the main plane laterally in these sections these spaces between the bows provide no support while on the opposite side'of the center the angle is in the opposite direction cruising greater support than if the plane,

constructed in the same manner as the main planes. The main planes 1 and 2 are connected by means of curved standards 6 and T-whieh are rigidly connected to said planes varying conditions to be met there are 0 difiiculty there is usually provided means' 5 provide the supporting planes of such conequilibrium and I will now proceed to deof plane can be used-for the mono-plane or 30 their front and rear sides and are provided 5 bows downward. These bows 3 support the how 3 in the next section outward from the so that upon the tilting ofa plane laterallyloo was horizontal. The front guide plane 5 is 1 and i2 and pivotally mounted between pieces (3 and 7 are engines 8 supportward or back 'ard rod 20 and there are provided rods other by means of shaft 8 and on each end of said shaft adjacentto' the engine are bevel ears 8 adapted to engage with other bevel ears 8 which are ri idly attached to shafts .8 upon the extended end of which are mounted propeller's'lt). These engines 8 and aguide frame are pivotally mounted on supports 9, adapted to swingthereon. Said frame is. composed of -vertical spring guides 16, one on each side, springs 17 and 18 therein, top horizontal supports 19, cent'al horizontal suppprt 20, braces 21 and supports 22. 19 is pivotally mounted rudder 23, pivoted at- 23=kand the rear end of support 20 is curved upward at 20 and acts as a guide for said rudder. This rudder may be rigidly attached to the upper end of support 20 in the position as shown in Fig. 3, or if desired said rudder may be pivotally manipulated on pivot point 23 by means of cables attached thereto and extending to the op-- erator. Between supports 19 and 20 are provided uides 24 in which slide the connected en 5 of rods 24- and 24" from the main planes, extending from these rods and connecting with spring guide '16 are rods 25 on which are mounted foot pieces 25* upon which the operator steps when desir ing to tilt the rearend of the frame downward and extending forward to guide plane 5 and connecting witlrthe frame are rods 13 and 14- upon which are foot pieces 12 for the operator's feet, .It will be obvious that all of the frame including the front guide plane and the rudder are pivoted between these two planes and that the open tor byshifting the weight of his body foron the seat 11 causes the front plane and the rudder to simultaneously tilt with the shifting of his weight. The front plane is revolubly mount d .on l-lwhich are connected to plane 5. By the pressure of the operators feet on foot pieces 12 the front plane may berevolved on said rod 20 for slight lateral tilts of the machine and for turning it. Both above andbelow said engine 8 are provided springs 17 and 18 and on the lower end of said frame 16 are provided wheels 26 and on the rear of the lower plane is attached a supporting skid 27, the wheels and said skid are for supporting the machine on the ground until it has attained a sul'licient speed to'cause itto rise into the air.

It is obvious that with :tlleplanes constructed as described that the machine will maintain its lateral Ot tllllbl'lllln atall tlmes, that the manipulation of the machine 15 made by the operator forward or backward as desired On the rear end of supports shifting of the weight of the and that the foot pieces 12 in connection with rods 13 and 14 operate the front plane, that the guiding mechanism is so construct ed and connected that the moving of any part of it causes all the guiding parts to act simultaneously and in unison.

Having thus described my" invention Letters Patent is -1. In a flying machine, a-normally horizontal main plane comprising a plurality of sections on each side "of the center thereof. the central portions of each of said sections lnclining upwardly laterally with normally vertical openings between the inclined parts of said sections, all substantially as set forth 2. 'In a flying machine, two normally hori zontalparallel aeroplanes superposed one above the other, each composed of a plu rality of sections on each side of the center thereof, the central portion of each of said sections inclining upwardly laterally and normally vertical openings between the inclined parts ofsaid sections, all substantially as set forth.

3. A flying machine comprising a plurality of parallel aeroplanes, superposed one above the other, each-comprising a plurality of sections, the front and rear portionsof said sections in each plane being in the same horizontal plane, and the central. portions of each section inclinedupwardly and from the longitudinal center of the machine laterally with openings between said sections, all substantially as set forth.

4. A flying machine comprising two superposed aeroplanes each comprising a plurality of inclined sections with each section inclining upwardly and laterally from tln center of said main planes, upright standards bowed inwardly connecting the margins of said aeroplanes. driving means pivotally supported on said upright standtherewith, all substantially as set forth.

A flying machine comprising superposed and connected aeroplanes, each comprising a plurality of sections, each of said {sections being inclined upward laterally from the center of the main plane, a llOl'lzontal rudder, means movement of said rudder, a guide plane revolublv mounted on said machine,- and a foot lever means for controlling and guiding said guide plane, all substantially as set forth.

6. A flyin g machine comprising two superposed aeroplanes each of which is composed of a plurality of sections, upwardly and laterally inclined from the center, a pluj ralit-y of curved standar r connecting said 5 aeroplanes, engines nirnnted thereon, a lguide plane frame pivotally mounted on 1 said standards, a horizontal rudder p1votl ally mounted on said frame, a horizontal what I claim as new and desire to secure by for controlling the 7. A flying machine comprising superposed aeroplanes, each of which comprises a plurality ofsections, the outward portions of each of said sections being inclined from the middle of said aeroplanes, laterally and upwardly, and curringupwardly, so that the middle portion of the outer edge of each section is raised above the inner edge of the adjoining section, a plurality of curved standards connecting said aeroplanes, crossbars mounted on said standards, a front guide plane, a rudder, means foroperatin-g said guide plane, means for operating -said rudder relatively with said aeroplanes, all substantially as set forth.

8. A flying machine comprising a plurality of laterally balancing superposed aeroplanes, each comprising a plurality of sections laterally and upwardly inclined from the horizontal plane of each of said main planes from the middle of said main planes, a frame pivotallymounted thereon, means on said frame for raising and lowering said machine, and means for supporting said machine when on the ground, all substantially as set forth.

9. A. flying machine comprising aero-.

planes composed of a plurality of sections divided by double bows, covering connecting the lower portion of one how with the upper portion of the nextbow from the center of said aeroplane, open spaces be tween the two portions of said bows, means for propelling said aeroplanes through the air and means for guiding said flying machine both horizontally and vertically, all

substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name in the presence of two subscribing u'itnesses.

lVILLIAM G. HAMILTON.

itnesses MARY A. BOW AN, Emma E. RODABAUGH. 

